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SargeUpgradeTalk20060711
(2022-02-21,
ChristopherHuhn
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Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 (
Sarge
) at GSI
Christopher Huhn
GSI IT department,
C.Huhn@gsi.de
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Slide 1 of 12
Woody installation
Woody installation 2002/2003
Server installation:
cloning
over NFS
One size fits all
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Slide 2 of 12
Woody installation
Configuration management: shell scripts
Who dunnit? No revision control, no one to blame
Centralisation achieved by central NFS mount
/usr/local
Sparse documentation
Know-how often only implicit
Administration techniques don't scale well
particularly in relation to the number of admins
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Slide 3 of 12
Woody client
"Groupserver" concept:
classic NFS root concept
shared read-only
/usr
Client system - almost - completely on server (except for
/var
and
/tmp
)
Old server hardware
Hardware maintenance painful
Important binaries writeable (i.e.
/sbin/init
)
No automatic upgrade for anything outside
/usr
I. e. no automatic security updates for
/bin
,
/sbin
binaries
No automatic distribution of
/var
or
/etc
files
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Slide 4 of 12
Into the future ...
http://www.infrastructures.org/
- Site management best practices
System administration should not work like craftsmen
Infrastructure architects
Configuration as condensed and central as possible
FAI:
Fully Automatic Installation
framework
Plan your installation and FAI installs your plan
Debian-centric but very flexible
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Slide 5 of 12
Into the future ...
Cfengine - configuration management framework
centralised and pull-based
description of the intended configuration state
not
a sequential list of actions to be performed
Use of Debian tools (Package management, Debconf) wherever appropriate
Debian repositories used:
Debian, Debian-Security, Backports.org, Debian volatile, GSI repository
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Slide 6 of 12
Into the future ...
More services - increased diversification
Divide installation and configuration into host classes
Keep It Small and Simple - only install what's required for a service
Installation and configuration system excellence indicator:
Reinstallation to service production state should be
completely unattended and
faster than a restore from tape backup
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Slide 7 of 12
... back to the past?
NFS root reinvented:
Single system image
Shared by all clients
managed with cfengine
completely distinct from the server system
read-only
root filesystem
unionfs
filesystem
All host-specific files in a central Subversion repository
Accessed via WebDAV/davfs
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Slide 8 of 12
Pros
Improved security
Difficult (impossible?) to hack
Updates even when the box is down
ready for dual boot / multi boot
Improved reliability?
Improved performance (new hardware)
Instant installation (~ 2 minutes)
Can be performed by the operators
Ease of administration
Condensed and centralised
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Slide 9 of 12
... and Cons
Completely reliant on the network
Inferior performance compared to local installation?
Installation time irrelevant if installation request response time is in size of days?
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Slide 10 of 12
On and on and on and on ...
Create NFS root image with FAI
Move to 64bit
Upgrade to Etch
Ubuntu?
GSI
Knoppix
CD?
failover NFS-Cluster
load-balancing?
Build a complete test environment
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Slide 11 of 12
Fabric management
GSI Linux infrastructure framework
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Slide 12 of 12
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